Method and preparation for the delivery of selective small molecule phytochemical based and pharmacologically active media through a cell membrane to enhance food groups for health protection and benefits

ABSTRACT

The method and preparation for the delivery of selective small molecule phytochemical based and pharmacologically active media through a cell membrane to enhance food groups for health protection and benefits is a method of selectively delivering a pharmacologically active small molecule phytochemical to specifically targeted cells within a body. The method comprises attaching the pharmacologically active small molecule phytochemical to a nutrient. The nutrient is selected such that the nutrient is selectively brought into the targeted cells as part of the metabolic process. The selected nutrient brings the pharmacologically active small molecule phytochemical through a cell membrane with the selected nutrient. The methodologies/process described in this application are referred to as the “Guru-Vishnu” process.

CROSS-REFERENCES TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

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STATEMENT REGARDING FEDERALLY SPONSORED RESEARCH

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REFERENCE TO APPENDIX

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BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION Field of the Invention

The present invention relates to the field of microstructuraltechnology, more specifically, an artificial structure configured todeliver a phytochemical based pharmacologically active media through acell membrane. (B82Y5/00)

SUMMARY OF INVENTION

The method and preparation for the delivery of selective small moleculephytochemical based and pharmacologically active media through a cellmembrane to enhance food groups for health protection and benefits is aprocess that is configured for use in delivering a selective smallmolecule phytochemical based and pharmacologically active media(hereinafter selective small molecule P and P active media) through acell membrane. The selective small molecule P and P active media is achemical substance that has a biochemical or physiological effect on abiological organism. By small molecule is meant that thepharmacologically active media has a molecular weight of less than 1000Daltons. The method and preparation for the delivery of selective smallmolecule phytochemical based and pharmacologically active media throughthe cell membrane to enhance food groups for health protection andbenefits delivers the selective small molecule P and P active mediathrough the cell membrane. The method and preparation for the deliveryof selective small molecule phytochemical based and pharmacologicallyactive media through a cell membrane to enhance food groups for healthprotection and benefits delivers the selective small molecule P and Pactive media through the cell membrane by taking advantage of themetabolic activity of the cell. Specifically, the selective smallmolecule P and P active media attaches to a foodstuff that is broughtthrough the cell membrane as part of the cell's normal metabolicactivity.

The applicants demonstrate the viability of the above approach bydisclosing the following methods and preparations for the delivery ofselective small molecule P and P active media through a cell membrane.

These together with additional objects, features and advantages ofmethod and preparation for the delivery of selective small moleculephytochemical based and pharmacologically active media through a cellmembrane to enhance food groups for health protection and benefits willbe readily apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art upon readingthe following detailed description of the presently preferred, butnonetheless illustrative, embodiments when taken in conjunction with theaccompanying drawings.

In this respect, before explaining the current embodiments of method andpreparation for the delivery of selective small molecule phytochemicalbased and pharmacologically active media through a cell membrane toenhance food groups for health protection and benefits in detail, it isto be understood that method and preparation for the delivery ofselective small molecule phytochemical based and pharmacologicallyactive media through a cell membrane to enhance food groups for healthprotection and benefits is not limited in its applications to thedetails of construction and arrangements of the components set forth inthe following description or illustration. Those skilled in the art willappreciate that the concept of this disclosure may be readily utilizedas a basis for the design of other structures, methods, and systems forcarrying out the several purposes of method and preparation for thedelivery of selective small molecule phytochemical based andpharmacologically active media through a cell membrane to enhance foodgroups for health protection and benefits.

It is therefore important that the claims be regarded as including suchequivalent construction insofar as they do not depart from the spiritand scope of method and preparation for the delivery of selective smallmolecule phytochemical based and pharmacologically active media througha cell membrane to enhance food groups for health protection andbenefits. It is also to be understood that the phraseology andterminology employed herein are for purposes of description and shouldnot be regarded as limiting.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

FIG. 1 is a detail view of an embodiment of the disclosure.

FIG. 2 is a detail view of an embodiment of the disclosure.

FIG. 3 is a detail view of an embodiment of the disclosure.

FIG. 4 is a detail view of an embodiment of the disclosure.

FIG. 5 is a detail view of an embodiment of the disclosure.

FIG. 6 is a detail view of an embodiment of the disclosure.

FIG. 7 is a detail view of an embodiment of the disclosure.

FIG. 8 is a detail view of an embodiment of the disclosure.

FIG. 9 is a detail view of an embodiment of the disclosure.

FIG. 10 is a detail view of an embodiment of the disclosure.

FIG. 11 is a detail view of an embodiment of the disclosure.

FIG. 12 is a detail view of an embodiment of the disclosure.

FIG. 13 is a detail view of an embodiment of the disclosure.

FIG. 14 is a detail view of an embodiment of the disclosure.

FIG. 15 is a detail view of an embodiment of the disclosure.

FIG. 16 is a detail view of an embodiment of the disclosure.

FIG. 17 is a detail view of an embodiment of the disclosure.

FIG. 18 is a detail view of an embodiment of the disclosure.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENT

The following detailed description is merely exemplary in nature and isnot intended to limit the described embodiments of the application anduses of the described embodiments. As used herein, the word “exemplary”or “illustrative” means “serving as an example, instance, orillustration.” Any implementation described herein as “exemplary” or“illustrative” is not necessarily to be construed as preferred oradvantageous over other implementations. All of the implementationsdescribed below are exemplary implementations provided to enable personsskilled in the art to practice the disclosure and are not intended tolimit the scope of the appended claims. Furthermore, there is nointention to be bound by any expressed or implied theory presented inthe preceding technical field, background, brief summary or thefollowing detailed description.

Detailed reference will now be made to one or more potential embodimentsof the disclosure, which are illustrated in FIGS. 1 through 18.

The method and preparation for the delivery of selective small moleculephytochemical based and pharmacologically active media through a cellmembrane to enhance food groups for health protection and benefits 100(hereinafter invention) is a process that is configured for use indelivering a selective small molecule phytochemical based andpharmacologically active media (hereinafter selective small molecule Pand P active media 101) through a cell membrane. The selective smallmolecule P and P active media 101 is a chemical substance that has abiochemical or physiological effect on a biological organism. By smallmolecule is meant that the pharmacologically active media has amolecular weight of less than 1000 Daltons. The invention 100 deliversthe selective small molecule P and P active media 101 through the cellmembrane. The invention 100 delivers the selective small molecule P andP active media 101 through the cell membrane by taking advantage of thecell's metabolic activity. Specifically, the selective small molecule Pand P active media 101 attaches to a foodstuff 110 that is broughtthrough the cell membrane as part of the cell's normal metabolicactivity.

The invention 100 comprises preparing a modified foodstuff 110 suchthat: a) the foodstuff 110 comprises one or more nutrients; b) one ormore nutrients selected from the foodstuff 110 can receive the selectivesmall molecule P and P active media 101; c) attaching one or moreselective small molecule P and P active media 101 to one or moreselected nutrients; such that, d) the modified foodstuff 110 is enhancedand edible.

The combination of the selected nutrient and the selective smallmolecule P and P active media 101 is selected such that when theselected nutrient is brought through the cell membrane as part of thecellular metabolic process, the selective small molecule P and P activemedia 101 is also brought through the cell membrane with the selectednutrient. The selective small molecule P and P active media 101 attachesto the one or more selected nutrients such that once within the cell,enzymes naturally found within the cell will cleave the selective smallmolecule P and P active media 101 from the selected nutrient such thatboth the selected nutrient and the selective small molecule P and Pactive media 101 are available for use within the cell.

The invention 100 can be further supplemented by the introduction ofsupplemental detoxifiers, prebiotics, and probiotics into the foodstuff110 after the attachment of the selective small molecule P and P activemedia 101 to the selected nutrient at the molecular level. Thesupplemental detoxifiers, prebiotics, and probiotics are selected toenhance the activity of the selective small molecule P and P activemedia 101 within the cell.

The selected nutrient is a chemical compound that forms an energy sourcethat supports the metabolic activity of the cell. The selected nutrientis derived from the foodstuff 110. The selected nutrient is selectedfrom the group consisting of an amino acid 111 (protein), a carbohydrate112, and a lipid 113. The lipid 113 is selected from the groupconsisting of a fatty acid, a tri-ester, and a steroid.

The amino acid 111 is a molecule used by the cell both as an energysource and to build proteins. A protein is a polymer chain of aminoacids 111 formed from catalytic reactions (RNA polymerases) to createthe amino acid 111 polymer chain. The cell further uses various proteinstructures as catalysts and to form mechanical structures within thecell. The carbohydrate 112 is used by the cell as a source of energy.The carbohydrate 112 is the most energy efficient energy sourceavailable to the cell. The lipid 113 is a high energy density molecularstructure used to store excess energy for future use by the cell.

The selective small molecule P and P active media 101 is a phytochemicalthat is known to be biologically active. The selective small molecule Pand P active media 101 is selected from the group consisting ofterpenoids 121, flavonoids 122, polyphenols 123, and polyacetylenes 124.The terpenoids 121, the flavonoids 122, the polyphenols 123, and thepolyacetylenes 124 are defined in greater detail elsewhere in thisdisclosure.

Terpenoids 121 are a large and diverse group of organic chemicalsnaturally produced by many plants including the cannabis plant.Terpenoids 121 represent the largest and the most diverse class ofbeneficial plant chemicals. To date over 40,000 individual terpenoids121 exist and new ones are discovered every year. Cumulative researchsuggests terpenoids 121 may help prevent metabolic disorders, fightcancer and cardiovascular diseases, exert anti-aging benefits and boostthe immune system. Terpenoids 121 are responsible for wide varieties offlavors and aromas making them a sought-after commodity by the flavorand the fragrance industry. The carotenoids are a class of terpenoids121 that are organic pigments providing characteristic bright colors offruits and vegetables.

The polyphenols 123 are a class of natural organic chemicalscharacterized by the presence of multiple phenolic rings. Thepolyphenols 123 are a class of phytochemical that further compriseslignans. Lignans comprises a polyphenol 123 ic structure that containsdimer of two polyphenol 123 structures. The lignans are antioxidantsknown to be anti-carcinogenic and for their ability to boost the immunesystem. The molecule reservatrol 142 (approx. 230 Daltons) is a ligninknown for cardiovascular benefits and for influencing the function ofhormones within a body.

The flavonoids 122 are antioxidants that include, but are not limitedto, the flavanols the anthocyanins, and the isoflavones. The flavanolsare based on the flavone backbone and are known to have cardiovascularbenefits. The anthocyanins are also based on the flavone backbone areknown to support liver function and reduce blood pressure. Theisoflavones are based on the isoflavone backbone are a class ofantioxidants known to influence the functions of hormones within a bodyand that support bone growth. Isoflavones are also known to enhancenatural production of steroids in a cell.

The polyacetylenes 124 are a class of chemicals that contain a polymerthat can theoretically be formed from alkynes. The polyacetylene 124structure commonly occurs in naturally occurring fatty acids.

One advantage of invention 100 is that the selection of both theselected nutrient and the selective small molecule P and P active media101 can be targeted such that the selective small molecule P and Pactive media 101 is more likely to be introduced to cells requiring theselective small molecule P and P active media 101.

The benefits of invention 100 can be made clearer through thepresentation of examples. The examples presented in the followingparagraphs are exemplary in nature and should not necessarily beconstrued as preferred or advantageous over other implementations. Theseexamples are provided for the purposes of simplicity and for clarity ofexposition of the disclosure and are not intended to limit the scope ofthe appended claims but are instead provided to enable persons skilledin the art to practice the disclosure.

The first example targets the amino acid 111 isoleucine 131 (CAS 73-32-5and ILE). Isoleucine 131 is an essential amino acid 111 that is onlyavailable to the cells through the diet. Isoleucine 131 is considered ahydrophobic amino acid 111. Isoleucine 131 is transported through thecell membranes through capillary diffusion. By attaching the selectivesmall molecule P and P active media 101 to the residue 132 of isoleucine131, the selective small molecule P and P active media 101 will be drawnthrough the cell membranes with the isoleucine 131.

The first example will assume that the selective small molecule P and Pactive media 101 is curcumin 141 (CAS 458-37-2 approximately 370Daltons). Curcumin 141 is a lignan that comprises a dual ketone alkenestructure terminated on each end by identical ether-phenol structures.The dual ketone alkene structure comprises two carbon-carbon doublebonds. When curcumin 141 is present within a cell, the two carbon-carbondouble bonds act as reduction sites that can be oxidized by an oxidizersuch as bisphenol-A. This allows the curcumin 141 to perform thefunction of an antioxidant within the cell.

The attachment of the curcumin 141 directly to the residue 132 of theisoleucine 131 provides two immediate advantages. First, becauseisoleucine 131 is an essential amino acid 111, isoleucine 131 iscontinuously required by all cells in the body and is regularlytransported through cell membranes to support metabolic processes. Byattaching the curcumin 141 to the isoleucine 131, a patient can beconfident that a dose of curcumin 141 will be distributed evenly throughall the cells in the body. Second, because isoleucine 131 passes throughthe cell membrane using capillary diffusion, the attachment of curcumin141 to the isoleucine 131 allows for the curcumin 141 to also passthrough the cell membrane using capillary diffusion. This is asignificant advantage over other active chemical mechanisms used totransport molecules through the cell membrane.

Once inside the cell, the curcumin 141 and the isoleucine 131 must beseparated. In the first example, this is accomplished by enzymescommonly found within the cell metabolism of the human body. One enzymesuitable for this task is alkylglycerol monooxygenase (EC 1.14.16.5).Alkylglycerol monooxygenase is a relatively nonspecific etherase thatreduces ether bonds to fatty acids and glycerols. Once inside the cells,alkylglycerol monooxygenase will separate the isoleucine 131 from thecurcumin 141 allowing each molecule to perform its functionindependently.

After cleavage by the alkylglycerol monooxygenase, the isoleucine 131returns to its original and intended structure that allows theisoleucine 131 to be subsequently incorporated into a protein using thenatural metabolic processes.

After cleavage by the alkylglycerol monooxygenase, the two carbon-carbondouble bonds of the curcumin 141 remain intact to form reduction sitesthat can be oxidized by an oxidizer such as bisphenol-A. After theoxidization of the reduction sites, the molecule formed by thecombination of the curcumin 141 and the oxidizer is excreted through thecell membrane using normal metabolic processes and thereby detoxifyingthe cell.

The following three paragraphs describe the stoichiometry of theoxidation process. Specifically, after the separation of the isoleucine131 and the curcumin 141, one can express the scavenging/neutralizationof oxygen free radical in the following manner.

While the majority of the isoleucine 131 is converted to proteins byenzyme catalysts, some isoleucine 131 reacts with the Bisphenol A 152(CAS 80-05-7). The bisphenol A 152 is a potent carcinogen. The bisphenolA 152 reacts with Isoleucine 131 and forms a powerful oxidizing agent(also referred to as O*) that damages the cell membranes. This isexpressed in a first stoichiometric equation: Isoleucine 131 (1 Kgmole=131 Kg)+Enzymes (catalyst)+Bisphenol A 152 (10 gm mole=2280gm)=Proteins (2 Kg mole=130,500 gm or 130.5 Kg)+nutrients (100 gm)+Freeradical O* attached to cell membranes (10 gm mole=160 gm ofO*)+Unreacted Bisphenol (520 gm).

Curcumin 141, is a terpenoid 121 found in turmeric. Curcumin 141 is apowerful anti-oxidant that scavenges and neutralizes the O* and preventsthe cell membranes from damaging oxidative degradation. This isexpressed in a second stoichiometric equation: 10 gm mole (160 gm) ofO*+2 gm mole (368 gm/mole×2=736 gm) of Curcumin 141=Zero gm of O* (cellmembranes free from free radical O*)+576 gm of unreacted curcumin 141.

The effectiveness of the above example can be enhanced with the use ofextra-stoichiometric amounts of curcumin 141 (more than 100% of thetheoretical amount) which ensures complete scavenging of the O* andprevailing a condition that the reaction does not go to the reversedirection.

The applicants now address the specific process of attaching thecurcumin 141 to the isoleucine 131. This is accomplished by: a) forminga double bond to create an alkene structure in the residue 132 of theisoleucine 131 (Steps 1A and 1B); b) converting the alkene structure ofthe isoleucine 131 residue 132 into a hydroxyl 162 group in the originalalkane structure isoleucine 131 residue 132 (Step 2); and c) creating anester bond between the hydroxyl 162 group on the isoleucine 131 residue132 and a hydroxyl 162 group selected from the group consisting of ahydroxyl 162 group of one of the two ether-phenol terminal groups of thecurcumin 141 (Step 3 Scenario 1).

Specifically, the double bond can be formed by subjecting the isoleucine131 to a halogenation reaction with bromine 161 (Step 1A). The use ofbromine 161 is preferred because of the selectivity of bromine 161 forsecondary carbons in halogenation reactions. Once the isoleucine 131 ishalogenated with bromine 161, the double bond is created by subjectingthe bromated isoleucine 131 to a water solution of high pH (Step 1B).

Once the double bond is created in the isoleucine 131, the double bondedisoleucine 131 is then subjected to a hydrogenation reaction in a low pHenvironment to create a hydroxyl 162 (alcohol) functional group withinthe residue 132 of the isoleucine 131 (Step 2).

Finally, the hydroxyl 162 formed by the residue 132 of the isoleucine131 can be bonded with a hydroxyl 162 selected from the group consistingof one of the two ether-phenol terminal groups of the curcumin 141 usingan ether bond formed by condensation synthesis in a heated acidicenvironment (Step 3). These reactions are shown in the FIGS. 1, 2, 3,and 4.

The applicant would point out that Step 3 can be extended to alternatescenarios. In a second scenario, shown in FIG. 5, the process of Step 3will attach the polyphenol 123 resveratrol (CAS 501-36-0) to isoleucine131 in a manner that is identical to the attachment of curcumin 141 toisoleucine 131. This curcumin 141-isoleucine 131 reaction is shown inFIG. 4.

The following additional examples illustrate the functionality ofinvention 100 in providing protection against many diseases.

In a third potential scenario, reservatrol 142 attaches to acarbohydrate 112. By attaching resveratrol 142 to a carbohydrate 112,the well-known the cardiovascular benefits of reservatrol 142 aredistributed globally without the preferential intake of the prior twoscenarios. As shown in FIG. 6, up to three carbohydrates 112 can beattached to the three hydroxyl 162 groups of the resveratrol usingstandard dehydration techniques. The example shown attaches pentose 133monosaccharides to the resveratrol.

Cannabinol 143 (CAS 1972-08-3) is presented as a fourth potentialscenario of the functionality presented in this disclosure. Cannabinol143 is a polyphenol 123 derived from cannabis. Cannabinol 143 is aselective small molecule (approx. 315 Daltons) known for reducinginflammation within a body. Glutamic acid 135 (CAS 56-86-0 GLU alsoreferred to a Glutamate) is an amino acid 111 that is statistically morelikely to be found in protein structures associated with the healingprocess. By attaching the hydroxyl 162 group of the cannabinol 143 tothe glutamic acid 135, the natural metabolic processes of the cellswithin the injured portion biological process will naturally intake morecannabinol 143 (relative to uninjured cells) as the cell preferentiallydraws glutamic acid 135 into the cell membrane. This provides reducesinflammation as the injured cells are repaired. The chemical process toaccomplish this is similar to Step 3, and is identified as scenario 4.This reaction is shown in FIG. 7.

Cannabinol 143 is again presented in a fifth potential scenario of thisfunctionality. In this scenario, that cannabinol 143 attaches to acarbohydrate 112 to facilitate the global distribution of the cannabinol143 molecule. As shown in the attached figure, a single carbohydrate 112can be attached to hydroxyl 162 groups using standard dehydrationtechniques. The example shown in FIG. 8 attaches a pentose 133monosaccharide to the cannabinol 143.

Malvidin 144 (CAS 7228-78-6) is presented as a sixth potential scenarioof the functionality presented in this disclosure. Malvidin 144 (approx.285 Daltons) is an anthocyanin derived from the flavonoids 122. Malvidin144 promotes bone healing and growth. In the sixth potential scenario,malvidin 144 attaches to a lipid 113. More specifically, the malvidin144 attaches to palmitic acid 134 (CAS 57-10-3). The applicantsanticipate that the normal metabolic requirement of the cell wouldresult in a substantial proportion of the consumed malvidin 144 to bestored as an energy reserve creating a slow release of malvidin 144 overa longer period time. This will provide a steady supply of malvidin 144throughout slow healing and growth of the bones and cartilages.

As shown in FIG. 9, up to three palmitic acid 134 molecules can beattached to the three hydroxyl 162 groups of the malvidin 144 usingstandard dehydration techniques. While palmitic acid 134 is a fattyacid, the applicants note that the dehydration technique used is equallyapplicable to other lipid 113 structures including tri-esters. Theapplicants believe that these standard dehydration techniques can beapplied to lipids 113 without undue experimentation.

Lycopene 145 (CAS 502-65-8) is presented as a seventh potential scenarioof the functionality presented in this disclosure. Lycopene 145 is apolyacetylene 124 commonly found in carrots. The lycopene 145 in ananti-oxidant with known health correlations that include, but are notlimited to, cholesterol management benefits, cardiovascular benefits,immunity boosting properties, hypertension benefits, retinal benefits,and diabetes management benefits. As shown in FIG. 10, a single lycopene145 can be attached to a hydroxyl 162 group on a carbohydrate 112 usingstandard dehydration techniques. The example shown attaches a pentose133 monosaccharide to the lycopene 145.

Lycopene 145 is presented as an eighth potential scenario of thefunctionality presented in this disclosure. As shown in the FIG. 11, asingle lycopene 145 can be attached to the hydroxyl 162 group on theamino acid 111 tyrosine 136 (60-18-4 TYR) using standard dehydrationtechniques.

The applicant anticipates that the processes described above can beincorporated into the chemistry commonly found in the food processingindustry. For example, the cannabinol 143 can be bonded to the glutamicacid 135 as part of the cheese making process. The reservatrol 142 canbe bonded to a sugar substrate that is used to sweeten a soft drink orsweeten a baked good. The malvidin 144 can be incorporated into thefatty acids found in milk (a source of calcium) before making ice cream.

The applicant observes nature provides thousands of phytochemicals andsources of phytochemicals that can be incorporated into invention 100.The applicant further observes that there is a broad and deep literaturedocumenting the benefits of these phytochemicals.

To document the above observations, the applicant includes Table 1 withthis disclosure (presented below).

TABLE 1 Phytochemical Sources, Selective Groups, Boosters, and TargetProtection SL Phytochemical Phytochemical Food Group to AdditionalTarget Other NO Source Group be Enhanced Booster Protection Benefits 1Red Grape Skin Flavanoids Protein BSDM* Cardiovascular BoostsPomegranate Cartenoids Carbohydrate Prebiotic Immunity Thyme TerpenoidsLipid Probiotic Polyphenols 2 Astragulas Cartenoids Protein BSDM* CancerBoosts Barley Terpenoids Carbohydrate Prebiotic Immunity Turmeric RootPolyphenols Lipid Probiotic 3 Cannabis Cartenoids Protein BSDM*Arthritis + Boosts Hemp Terpenoids Carbohydrate Prebiotic Joint andImmunity Boswellia Polyphenols Lipid Probiotic Muscle Pain Serrata 4Ginkgo Biloba Flavanoids Protein BSDM* Alzheimer Boosts SoybeanPolyphenols Carbohydrate Prebiotic Immunity Clove Lipid Probiotic 5Triphala Flavanoids Protein BSDM* Diabetes Boosts Cinnamon PolyphenolsCarbohydrate Prebiotic Immunity Almond Lipid Probiotic Walnut 6 MilkThistle Flavanoids Protein BSDM* Hepatitis Boosts Neem Leaf CartenoidsCarbohydrate Prebiotic Immunity Terpenoids Lipid Probiotic 7 LicoriceRoot Flavanoids Protein BSDM* Gastritis Boosts Fennel CarbohydratePrebiotic Indigestion Immunity Anise Lipid Probiotic 8 Purple Corn (leafAnthocyanins Protein BSDM* Bone & Boosts and kernel) (Flavanoids -Carbohydrate Prebiotic Cartilage Immunity Eggplant Malvidin) LipidProbiotic Chokeberries 9 Deep Purple Carrot Polyacetylenes Protein BSDM*Inflammation Boosts Carbohydrate Prebiotic Immunity Lipid Probiotic B -Burdock Root S - Stinging Nettle D - Dandelion M - Milk ThistlePrebiotics: Jerusalem Artichoke, Asparagus, Jicama Probiotics: Yogurt,Kefir, Sauerkraut, Kimchi

Table 1 shows selected sources of phytochemicals and four (4)antioxidant groups and the food groups (flavonoids 122,carotenoids/terpenoids 121, polyphenols 123, and polyacetylenes 124) andthe selected nutrients that form the substrate to be enhanced. Table 1also shows supplemental detoxifiers, prebiotics, and probiotics thatwill further enhance the effectiveness and functionality of thephytochemical source when used in conjunction with the cellularattachment of the phytochemical source. The protection provided againstvarious diseases by the phytochemicals and antioxidants are also stated.

It is to be noted that Table 1 provides only a few examples of thepotential protection and immune system boosting against certain diseasesprovided by the phytochemicals. There are numerous phytochemicals andantioxidants that can provide health protection and immune systemboosting. Table 1 is provided for the purposes of simplicity and forclarity of exposition of the disclosure and is not intended to limit thescope of the appended claims. Table 1 is instead provided to enablepersons skilled in the art to more effectively practice the disclosure.

All foodstuff 110 nutrients (protein/carbohydrate 112/lipids 113) can beenhanced by various phytochemicals. The enhancement can further bestimulated by adding detoxifiers, prebiotics, and probiotics to thecellular matrix. Like the phytochemicals, the detoxifiers, prebiotics,and probiotics will also attach to the cell membranes and provideprotection against many diseases.

As shown in Table 1, phytochemical sources like red grape skin,pomegranate and Thyme tend to provide superior protection againstcardiovascular diseases because of such antioxidants as flavonoids 122,terpenoids 121, and polyphenols 123. Sources like astragulus, barley,and turmeric root tend to provide superior protection against cancerbecause of the presence of antioxidants like beta-glucans andcurcuminoids 141. Certain polyphenols 123 and terpenes present incannabis and Boswellia serrata tend to provide enhanced protectionagainst arthritis, inflammation and joint/muscle pain. The cannabisfurther provides good protection against inflammation and joint/musclepain.

The flavonoids 122 and polyphenols 123 in Ginkgo biloba, soybean andclove tend to recover the loss of memory associated with Alzheimer.Triphala (an ancient Indian formulation of three natural ingredients)and cinnamon works well for modulating the levels of blood insulin fordiabetic patients. The flavonoids 122 and polyphenols 123 are the keyantioxidants for modulating insulin. The flavonoids 122 and terpenoids121 in milk thistle and neem leaves or neem oil provide protectionagainst hepatitis. The flavonoids 122 in licorice root, anise, andfennel seeds help fight gastritis, indigestion and similar ailments.

The root cause of many fatal diseases is inflammation that originates atthe cellular level. Controlling inflammation at the cellular levelprovides synergy for protection against diseases like cardiovascular,cancer, arthritis and joint and muscle pain. Selective phytochemicalgroup like the polyacetylenes 124 can offer excellent protection againstinflammation. Deep purple colored carrots are an excellent source ofnatural polyacetylene 124 that can be incorporated into a food substrateto provide effective protection against inflammation.

The power of all phytochemicals/antioxidants are boosted significantlywhen detoxifiers, prebiotics, and probiotics are incorporated in thecellular matrix of food groups. Detoxifiers derived from burdock root,stinging nettle, dandelion, and milk thistle are some natural substancesthat can boost the health protection characteristics of the selectedphytochemicals in Table 1. Detoxifiers further cleanse blood and organslike kidney and liver by removing accumulated toxins from the body andprovide protection against radiation damage.

The addition of natural prebiotic substances like Jerusalem artichoke,asparagus and jicama and natural probiotic substances like yogurt,kefir, sauerkraut, and kimchi can further stimulate the effectiveness ofhealth protection by striking the proper balance between allphysiological variables within a human body.

The above reactions can be controlled within a single reactor. Therequirements of the reactor include: a) providing a reaction space 171;b) a heating jacket 172 used for controlling the temperature within thereaction space 171; c) a low speed agitation 173 device used to mix thecontents within the reaction space 171; and, d) a pump 174 used tocontrol the pressure within the reactor. The described configuration forthe reactor is similar to those used in the food industry.

FIG. 13 shows a schematic for the reactor that can be utilized toenhance various food groups. The reactor is made of stainless steel withan external jacket for heating. The reactor is fitted with a slow speedagitator for mixing and an external vacuum pump.

The reactor will be operated in sequential batch configurations. Thefood group to be enhanced will be fed to the reactor and added with theselected phytochemicals. The contents will be heated using low-pressuresteam or Dowtherm type of fluid fed through the jacket. Depending on theheat sensitivity of the contents, a vacuum may be applied inside thereactor to facilitate the reaction at a lower reaction temperature. Theheating and slow mixing will facilitate capillary diffusion of thephytochemicals and attach to the molecules of the selected nutrient. Themechanisms of molecular attachment are ionic and covalent bondings.

Following enhancement with phytochemicals for 1-2 hours, the reactorcontents will be fed with detoxifiers. The sequential batch treatmentwill be repeated for ½ to 1 hr with moderate heating and slow mixing.This will ensure the detoxifying agents attach to the cell membraneswithin the food group by capillary diffusion, ionic bonding, covalentbonding, and sorption.

The last step for the process of sequential batch enhancement is addingprebiotic and probiotic agents to the reactor. Like the step fordetoxifiers, the pre and the probiotics agents will be heated andagitated for ½ to 1 hr. This will ensure the incorporation of the agentsinto the cellular matrix of the food group.

The enhanced food contents need to be cooled prior to releasing from thereactor. For rapid cooling, one can circulate cooling water through thejacket. A sample of the enhanced food needs to be taken and analyzed forthe concentration of the phytochemicals, the detoxifiers, theprebiotics, and the probiotics.

The following definitions were used in this disclosure.

Biologically Active: As used in this disclosure, biologically active isa term that refers to a substance that contains or is apharmacologically active media.

Cartenoid: As used in this disclosure, the carotenoid is aphytochemical. The carotenoid is a terpenoid wherein the terpenoid isformed from eight isoprene (CAS 78-79-5) molecules.

Consume: As used in this disclosure, to consume is a verb that refers tothe ingestion of a foodstuff by a biological entity. The term consumablerefers to a material that can be ingested as a foodstuff.

Detoxification: As used in this disclosure, detoxification refers to aprocess mitigating the negative biological impact of waste productsgenerated by a cell's metabolic processes. This is accomplished throughthe use of chemical reactions within the cell and excretion of the wasteproduct from the cell. A detoxifier is a consumed substance that isabsorbed through a cell membrane to help with the detoxificationprocess.

Dimer: As used in this disclosure, a dimer refers to the bonding of twoor more identical molecules to each other.

Flavonoid: As used in this disclosure, a flavonoid is a phytochemical.The flavonoid comprises a collection of functional groups attached to achemical backbone selected from the group consisting of: a) the flavone(CAS 525-82-6) chemical group; b) the isoflavone chemical group (CAS446-72-0); and, c) the neoflavonoid (CAS 51870-64-5) chemical group.Anthocyanins are a common subclass of flavonoid based on the flavonechemical group.

Foodstuff: As used in this disclosure, a foodstuff refers to an ediblematerial that is used as food or a beverage.

Functional Group: As used in this disclosure, a functional group isspecific chemical structure that 1) defines the structure of a chemicalfamily; and, 2) determines the properties of the chemical family. Commonfunctional groups include, but are not limited to, aldehydes, alkanes,alkenes, alkynes, alcohols, amides, amines, carboxylic acids, esters,ethers, haloalkanes, haloalkenes, haloalkynes, and ketones. As apractical matter, the intention of this definition is to use the termfunctional group in the same manner as the term is commonly used inorganic chemistry.

Hydroxyl: As used in this disclosure, a hydroxyl refers to a functionalgroup comprising the chemical formulation OH. The hydroxyl is theprimary functional group that forms alcohols. When unbound, the hydroxylis considered an ion and is considered to be a radical.

Lipid: As used in this disclosure, a lipid is an organic molecule thatis soluble in nonpolar solvents and other lipids.

Metabolism: As used in this disclosure, metabolism refers to thechemical processes that occur within a living cell.

Pharmacologically Active Media: As used in this disclosure, apharmacologically active media refers to a chemical substance that has abiochemical or physiological effect on a biological organism.

Phenol: As used in this disclosure, phenol (CAS 108-95-2) refers to amolecule with the chemical structure C6H6O. The phenol molecule is acyclic molecule.

Phytochemical: As used in this disclosure, a phytochemical is apharmacologically active media that is produced in and harvested from aplant. Within this disclosure, a phytochemical comprises apharmacologically active media selected from the group from: a) theflavonoid chemical group; b) the terpenoid chemical group (including thecarotenoid chemical subgroup of the terpenoid chemical group); c)polyphenol chemical group; and, d) the polyacetylene chemical group.

Polyacetylene: As used in this disclosure, a polyacetylene is aphytochemical. The polyacetylene comprises a collection of functionalgroups attached to a chemical backbone that is formed from, or contains,one or more chains built from the (C2H2)n polymer where n>=2.

Polyphenol: As used in this disclosure, a polyphenol is a phytochemical.The polyphenol comprises a collection of functional groups attached to achemical backbone formed from two or more phenol (CAS 108-95-2)molecules. A lignan refers to a dimer containing two or more identicalmolecules that contain a phenol.

Prebiotic: As used in this disclosure, a prebiotic is a consumedsubstance that is required by a probiotic to provide one or more healthbenefits. This definition is intended to be consistent with theInternational Scientific Association for Probiotics and Prebiotics 2016definition of prebiotic.

Probiotic: As used in this disclosure, a probiotic is a livingmicroorganism that provides one or more health benefits whenadministered to a patient. This definition is intended to be consistentwith the WHO 2005 definition of probiotic.

Terpenoid: As used in this disclosure, a terpenoid is a phytochemical.The terpenoid comprises a collection of functional groups attached to achemical backbone of a terpene. The terpene is a chemical structureformed from an integer number of isoprene (CAS 78-79-5) molecules. Thefunctional groups attached to the terpenoid will always include at leastone hydroxyl (alcohol) group.

With respect to the above description, it is to be realized that theoptimum dimensional relationship for the various components of theinvention described above and in FIGS. 1 through 18 include variationsin size, materials, shape, form, function, and manner of operation,assembly and use, are deemed readily apparent and obvious to one skilledin the art, and all equivalent relationships to those illustrated in thedrawings and described in the specification are intended to beencompassed by the invention.

It shall be noted that those skilled in the art will readily recognizenumerous adaptations and modifications which can be made to the variousembodiments of the present invention which will result in an improvedinvention, yet all of which will fall within the spirit and scope of thepresent invention as defined in the following claims. Accordingly, theinvention is to be limited only by the scope of the following claims andtheir equivalents.

What is claimed is:
 1. A method and preparation for the delivery of aselective small molecule P and P active media through a cell membranecomprising the preparation of a foodstuff such that: a) the foodstuffcontains one or more nutrients; b) the one or more nutrients selectedfrom the foodstuff receive a selective small molecule P and P activemedia; c) the one or more selective small molecule P and P active mediaattaches to a nutrient selected from the foodstuff; such that, d) theprepared foodstuff is consumable; wherein by attaching the selectivesmall molecule P and P active media to the nutrient selected from thefoodstuff is meant that a chemical bond is formed between the selectivesmall molecule P and P active media and the selected nutrient; whereinby chemical bond is meant a combination of the selective small moleculeP and P active media and the selected nutrient into a single chemicalcompound; wherein the method and preparation for the delivery of aselective small molecule P and P active media through a cell membrane isconfigured for use in delivering a selective small molecule P and Pactive media through a cell membrane; wherein the selective smallmolecule P and P active media is a Phytochemical substance that has aphysical effect selected from the group consisting of: a) a biochemicaleffect on a biological organism; and, b) a Pharmacological effect on abiological organism; wherein by small molecule is meant that theselective small molecule P and P active media has a molecular weight ofless than 1000 Daltons; wherein the combination of the foodstuff and theselective small molecule P and P active media are selected such thatwhen the selected nutrient is brought through the cell membrane as partof the cellular metabolic process, the selective small molecule P and Pactive media is brought through the cell membrane with the selectednutrient; wherein the chemical bond attaching the selected nutrient andthe selective small molecule P and P active media is broken usingenzymatic reactions once the combination of the foodstuff and theselective small molecule P and P active media have passed through thecell membrane; wherein the selected nutrient is a chemical compound thatforms an energy source that supports the metabolic activity of the cell;wherein the selected nutrient is derived from the foodstuff; wherein thechemical bond is formed using one or more chemical reactions selectedfrom the group consisting of: a) a halogenation reaction; b) ahydrogenation reaction; c) a condensation reaction; and, d) adehydration reaction; wherein the selected nutrient is a carbohydrate;wherein the selective small molecule P and P active media is lycopene.